Semantic scholar extracted view of insect pests of rice by pathak et al. Other ways to encourage natural pest enemies are to allow plants on the bunds and between fields to flower yellow and white flowers attract natural enemies. Seasonal variation in major insect pests incidence on rice. We therefore recommend that a more flexible approach to pest control, based on forecasting of risk and involving significantly reduced quantities of chemical insecticides, is the way forward. Seasonal incidence and population dynamics of major insect. Pdf insect pests of rice lalitha devi guvvala academia. The main importers of sorghum are japan, mexico, the former ussr cis and venezuela. Other ways to encourage natural pest enemies are to allow plants on the bunds and between fields to flower yellow and. Efforts have been made now and then over the last few decades to develop forewarning system for major insect pests or diseases of rice, however with their validations or regular use for prediction almost nil. Insect pests of rice continued the fall armyworm is a sporadic pest of rice. Introduction integral india has the largest area under rice cultivation in the world 44.
The stink bug, oebalus pugnax, found in north america east of the rocky mountains and as far north as minnesota, is a pest of rice in the southern usa. Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. Major insect pests of cotton the main or major insect pests of cotton that cause economic loss to this crop are given below with their scientific names, order and family name. Controlling insect pests of stored rice prepared by storedproduct insects section, biological sciences branch, marketing research division, agricultural marketing service, u. Management of rice insect pests radcliffes ipm world textbook.
Major pests and diseases of rice in india and their management. Yunus and balasubramanian 1981 the major insect pests of rice paddy are. Concerning the dynamism of the pest insects, we have observed a variation of the number of pest insects following the different phenological stages of rice. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. All wheat growing areas, especially in nwpz and peninsular india. It is an established fact that sri has low insect pest and disease. Pdf diversity of insect pests in major rice growing areas. Nevertheless some preliminary data are available to indicate the possible seasonal and annual abundance of the most important pests attacking rice, sugarcane and jute. The present experiment was undertaken to study seasonal abundance and management of major insect pests of rice oryza sativa l. Way professor of entomology texas agrilife research beaumont center 1509 aggie drive beaumont, tx 777 rice water weevil lissorhoptrus oryzophilus the rice water weevil is a key pest of rice. More than 100 insect species are associated with rice crop at one stage or the other stage 20 of these are pests of major economic significance and these pests are classified as borer pests sucking pests defoliator pests non insect pests 3.
Pests of rice, symptoms and their management rice is one of indias major. Rice is the staple food for almost all parts of the world. Pdf the major insect pests of rice crop encountered in northeastern part of the uttar pradesh are. Brinjal solanum melongena l solanacae known also as egg plant or aubergine, is one of the important vegetable crops of india. Trichogramma egg parasite against eggs of gram pod borer, rice stem borer, castor semilooper, cabbage diamond back moth etc. Nevertheless, an irri report by the international rice research institute shows an average worldwide loss of 37 percent of rice yield due to pests and diseases. It is major pest of sugarcane in punjab, uttar pradesh, bihar and maharashtra. It is native to texas, but was accidentally introduced into california, as well as china, north and south korea, taiwan, japan and europe. The major insect pests of rice in africa include stem borers, african rice gall midge and termites nacro et al. Therefore light traps can be used as an effective ipm tool for monitoring and management of phototactic paddy pests. The major insect pests of rice, sugarcane and jute in. Grow resistant varieties like ratna, tkm 6, ir 20, ir 40. Damage by insect pests is a serious challenge to rice production in china.
It belongs to family cicadellidae and order homoptera. Natural insect enemies of the rice pests are also killed when pesticides are applied and this can lead to an outbreak of other rice insect pests. Insect pests constitute the major yield limiting biotic stresses throughout the rice growing countries. In asian rice fields, it was studied that there was an excessive and long term use of nitrogen fertilizers. It was concluded from the survey that crop is infested by major insects pests which decrease the yield of rice production. Elasmus eribor trichospilus gonlozus tetrastichus chelonus 19 ipm. Objective sustainable management of major insect pests. Bracon hebetor against insect pest of coconut and sugarcane brachymeria against the pupae of several pests of plantation crops. There are hundreds of pest species of this type, both in larvae and adults. Pests of stored products cornell university college of. Insects class insecta have segmented bodies, jointed legs, and external skeletons. Jul 24, 2018 despite years of research on rice pest control, the threat from bph outbreaks shows no sign of abating heong et al. Review on integrated pest management of important disease.
Pyralidae lepidoptera monophagusabsolute pest of rice and pupates inside the plant. A survey was conceded on the insect pests incidence in basmati rice ecosystem in western uttar pradesh of india. Know about the major pests affecting the crops of rice. Eggs hatch and the larvae complete four to six instars stages of growth before pupating in a cocoon in the soil. Thus, the present studies were conducted to know the effects of cultivation methods and cultivars on major insect pest incidence of rice under field condition. Department of agriculture contents page insects infesting rough rice 4 treatment insects infesting milled synergizedrice 6 sources tiveof infestation 7. Common insect pests of rice and their natural biological control. Termites, in west african upland rice fields, occur in patches and often kill the plants, especially when rainfall is lacking. Banana fruit caterpillar tiracola plagiata, insect pest of banana and citrus, description of adult, life cycle, hosts, damage, control options, distribution. The scientific or technical name of rice hispa is dicladispa armigera olivier belonging to family chrysomelidae of coleoptera order. The greater incidence of disease pest leads to greater chemical application resulting in higher input cost and agroecological imbalance.
Among these, bph nilaparvata lugens stal is one of the most economically damaging insect pests of rice, and causes substantial losses in yield in the major rice growing areas in asia each year. Irri hopes this expanded content will prove useful to researchers, extension workers, and students everywhere. The adult water weevil feeds on the leaves and causes little damage while the larvae feed on the roots and severely reduce the root system. Strict sanitation on the farm, in elevators, warehouses, and mills.
Stem borers scirpophaga incertulas gall midge orseolia oryzea brown plant hopper nilaparvata lugens whitebacked plant hoper sogatella furcifera green leaf hopper nephotettix virescens leaf folder cnaphalocrocis medinalis case worm nymphula depunctalis gundhi bug leptocorisa acuta mealy bug brevenia rehi swarming caterpiller spodoptera. The adult is a moth which lays its eggs in masses on rice leaves. Major pests and diseases of rice in india and their. Major insectpests of rice oryza sativa dhanuka agri. Cotton jassid cotton jassid is a major sucking insect pest of cotton with scientific name amrasca biguttula ishida. Rice fields of uttar pradesh were surveyed and major insect pests of rice crops were reported. One of the major constraints of rice production and low productivity in india is the occurrence of insect pests at various stages of the crop growth. Pages 343 in the major insect pests of the rice plant. Management of rice insect pests radcliffes ipm world. Insect pest of rice all major and minar insect youtube. Economic thresholds and injury levels for insect pests of rice.
The most common insect pests of stored cereal grains are. Rice ipm provides a framework for integrating knowledge, skills and information on rice pest management. Being the most important rice pests, the bionomics of stem borers have. Rice pests included root feeders termites, mole cricket, rice root weevil and rice water. Adults feed on rice leaves and lay their eggs underwater in rice stems. The rice water weevil is the most serious pest of rice in the us. The insect pest problems of agriculture in bangladesh have not been adequately studied or surveyed. Adoption of integrated pest management ipm strategies is the best solution to tackle the pest problems.
Historical records from korea and japan report on the history of rice insect pests during the last two millennia. In west malaysia the pest was first recorded on rice in 1918. Insect pests of field crops and their management tnau. Materialand methods the field experiments were conducted at norman e. Within most developing countries, the sorghum crop rarely reaches the market. Majority of these rice insect pests are phototactic in nature.
Depending on the structure of the ecosystem in a given area and mans view point, a certain insect might or might not be considered a pest. Farmers and ranchers must follow the instructions and advice of competent fieldmen. Effects of cultivation methods and cultivars on the. Pests of stored products a pest of stored products can refer to any organism that infests and damages stored food, books and documents, fabrics, leather, carpets, and any other dried or preserved item that is not used shortly after it is delivered to a location, or moved regularly. Together, they infest all parts and growth stages of the plant, are vectors. The major activities of sericulture comprises of foodplant cultivation to feed the silkworms which. Of the more than 70 species recorded as pests of rice, about 20 have major significance. To meet the above objectives experiment were carried out under field conditions at the agricultural research farm, b. The insect pests like shoot and fruit borer, epilachna beetle, whitefly and mealybug are. The rice plant is subject to attack by more than 100 species of insects and 20 of them can cause economic damage 2.
Sharma 2004 monitored the seasonal activity of 14 major and minor insect pest species of paddy through light trap at. Sustainable management of major insect pests the agency supports around forty field projects involving the application of the sterile insect technique sit. Kulshreshtha, 1974 due to attack of these insect pests in rice. Pests of stored products the university of arizona.
Integrated pest management ipm is a system of crop management which includes all measures to control pests and assure growth of crops in order to get high yield with sustainable production and economic efficiency and to minimize the risk to human health and environment. It is major crop of nepal accounting 55% of total national cereal production. Longterm seasonal forecasting of a major migrant insect pest. Az list of horticultural insect pests department of. Adult rice and maize weevils can attack standing grain crops in the field before harvest. Journal common insect pests of rice and their natural. The major insect pests of rice crop encountered in northeastern part of the uttar pradesh are.
Biological control of rice insect pests in china sciencedirect. The scientific or technical name of rice leaf folder is cnaphalocrocis medinalis guenee and it. Today, let us talk about paddy insect pests and methods of controlling these rise crop pests. Sitobion avenae, rhopalosiphum padi and various other species. The major pests of upland rice attack seed and seedlings. Insect pests of rice books international rice research institute. In africa, 15 species of insects are considered major pests of rice and in the americas about 20 species are considered major pests.
It is grown for home consumption unless there is a bumper crop, or if cash is needed. The water weevil is a major insect pest of irrigated rice in the usa. The fourday international conference on pest management in rice, which is the subject of this volume, was the third in an ongoing series of meetings on tropical crops organised by the pesticides group of the society of chemical industry, london. Concerning the damages due to the pest insects, lose due to these pest insects was evaluated at 49. Herbivores and major insect pests like plant hoppers, leaf folder and stem borers flourished in excessive nitrogen. Common insect pests of rice and their natural biological control an illustrated guide to the insect pests that feed on rice plants and the organisms that feed on and control those pests. This section contains a brief description of the pests of rice, the injury they cause, scouting procedures and control methods for the major and minor insect pests of rice. Insect pests have been defined by williams 1947 as any insect in the wrong place.
Major insect pests of rice the insect pests that cause serious and economic damage are commonly known as major or important insect pests of rice and these major insect pests are given below with detail of their scientific name, family name and order name. Generally, it is a minor pest but sometimes assume a major form in. Some insects can constitute a major threat to entire countries or a group of nations. Proceedings of a symposium at the international rice research institute, 1967.
Among these is a project in senegal that has improved food security and public health in target areas in the western part of the country. All wheat growing areas, especially in nwpz and peninsular india development. Major pests of rice and their management agriedu4u. Ooi about 187 species of insects have been recorded on rice yunus and ho,1980, but few have ever become serious pests. Important pest of several stored food grains, mainly rice, wheat, corn and their products such as breakfast cereals, macaroni, noodles, etc. Adults are dark brownish black 2 4mm long with a long weevil snout have four small light coloured patches on its rear wing covers rarely flies, but climbs vertical surfaces e. Integrated pest management ipm is a broad ecological approach for pest management which employs all available skills, techniques and practices such as cultural, genetic, mechanical and biological methods including application of chemical pesticides as a last resort in a harmonious and compatible manner with a view to suppress pest population. Studies on major insect pests of rice crop oryza sativa journal of. Information on the banana flower thrip insect pest, which is found throughout the bananagrowing districts. There are over 100 species of insect pests to rice around the world but only about 20 species can cause economic damage. The objective of this paper is to asses integrated pest managements practicing on most important disease and insect pest of rice crop. We have learned in recent years the impact that broad spectrum insecticide applica.
Over 90% of the worlds rice is grown in asia where more than 100 insect species attack the crop norton and way 1990. The rapid spread takes place through asexual reproduction where females give rise directly to. Regmi assistant professor department of entomology 2. All species can also attack other food materials such as dried fruits and nuts. To develop effective pest management strategies, it is essential to properly identify and to understand the biology and ecology of insect. Controlling insect pests of stored rice prepared by storedproduct insects section, biological sciences branch, marketing research. Monitoring of insect pests of rice using light traps provide relative estimates of population abundance. Major paddy insect pests and thier control measures. First is direct injury done to the plant by the feeding insect, which eats leaves or burrows in stems, fruit, or roots. Biological control is an effective method for pest control but not extensively adopted. Insects are distinguished from other arthropods by their body, which is divided into three major regions. The trade in sorghum is small compared with the major grains such as wheat, maize, barley and rice.
There are hundreds of pest species of this type, both in larvae and adults, among orthopterans, homopterans, heteropterans, coleopterans, lepidopterans, and. Other rice growing areas each with a unique complex of insect pests include latin america, africa, australia, europe, and the united states. Insects are responsible for two major kinds of damage to growing crops. Burkhardt professor of entomology section i principles of field crop insect control presentday insect problems, created or aggravated by the concentrations of host plants, are diverse and complex and without simple solutions. Chrysomelidae major insect pests that cause signifi mealybugs homoptera. About 300 species of insects have been reported to attack rice crop in india, out of which 20 have been found to be the major pests 1. It is the staple food in most states, particularly in india.
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